Entanglements in multispecies voluntourism: conservation and Utila's affect economy

Abstract

Through a case study of conservation voluntourism this article brings together critical political ecology, multispecies ethnography, and studies of humanitarian tourism to advance a political ecology of multispecies conservation voluntourism. The article presents multispecies conservation voluntourism as a field that produces and is produced by an “affect economy”, or an economy based on the exchange or trade in the relational. Since the mid-1990s, life on Utila, Honduras, a popular discount backpacker scuba destination located along the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, has been deeply transformed by the growth of dive tourism, the ecological destruction it has produced, and now the conservation voluntourism industry emerging in its wake. Seventy percent of Utila is comprised of mangroves and associated wetlands, home to several endangered and endemic species. Using examples of whale shark tourism, lionfish hunts, and iguana tracking, this article shows how conservation organizations operate as affect generators, enabling the privilege of engaging in multispecies encounters. Engaging in multispecies conservation voluntourism produces value in the form of cultural capital which is then exchanged for material outcomes by volunteers in the global economy; at the same time, this form of voluntourism obscures local relationships to nature and alters multispecies assemblages from past configurations.     

Commemorating the 50‐Year Anniversary of Ball and Brown (1968): The Evolution of Capital Market Research over the Past 50 Years

We commemorate the 50th anniversary of Ball and Brown [1968] by chronicling its impact on capital market research in accounting. We trace the evolution of various research paths that post–Ball and Brown [1968] researchers took as they sought to build on the foundation laid by Ball and Brown [1968] to create a body of research on the usefulness, timeliness, and other properties of accounting numbers. We discuss how those paths often link back to the groundwork laid and questions originally posed in Ball and Brown [1968].     

西方银行理论在近代中国的传播及影响

从19世纪中叶到20世纪中叶，西方银行理论在中国得到了日益深入广泛的传播，推动了中国金融思想的近代化，促进了银行制度在近代中国的建立与发展。近代国人在引进、研究西方银行理论，改造传统金融思想，建立银行制度的过程中，大多主张学习借鉴西方的银行制度，但他们反对照抄照搬，而是要求结合中国实际，有所创新，有所发展，以建立适合中国国情的银行制度。这种学习西方的态度和方法值得我们的今天借鉴。     

外推型预期公式的检验与评价

经济学中的很多变量需要预测,其中的一个方法是运用外推型预期公式。由于外推型预期公式有 其自身特点和规律,即趋势值的选择是影响预测效果的一个主要变量,因此使用该公式进行经济预测时, 短期预测应选择较小的趋势值,长期预测应选取中间的趋势值。     

绿色壁垒对我国纺织服装业的影响研究

为了避免绿色壁垒对我国纺织服装业造成更大的经济损失,保持行业的持续健康发展,本文分析了绿色壁垒对我国纺织服装业带来的积极影响和消极影响,进而提出应对绿色壁垒消极影响的措施。     

论反向旅游

旅游目的地选择是旅游需求与旅游供给双方互动的过程，必须从旅游目的地属性与旅游者属性两个方面予以分析。已有的旅游需求模型用来激发或改变消费者旅行行为策略不敏感，不能满意解释旅游流的时空特性。为此提出“反向旅游”概念，并就其内涵、现实意义及产品开发和营销中应注意的问题进行了深入的讨论。反向旅游的表面是追求景观差异的极大化，实质是追求利益极大化，也是一种跨文化旅蝣行为。和一般旅蝣相比，反向旅蝣的求知求奇效益更大。但“反向旅游”广泛而不普遍，有时只停留在表面。可以从时间、空间、文化等多方面开发反向旅游产品，锁定消费群体开展有针对性的营销。     

中国经济增长中的信贷结构与效率实证分析

本文应用典型相关分析方法对中国产业增长与信贷结构关系进行了实证研究。信贷结构与产业增长具有较强的典型相关性,信贷的政府配给成功地支持了中国的工业化进程。与此同时,改革开放以来中国形成的产业结构层面的信贷双重配给,一定程度上导致了信贷结构与产业结构的扭曲。     

The adaptive consequences of pride in personal selling

This study examines the adaptive consequences of pride in personal selling and its self-regulation with colleagues and customers. Study 1 investigates the effects of experiencing pride, where two benefits were found. First, pride increases salespersons’ performance-related motivations. Specifically, it promotes the use of adaptive selling strategies, greater effort, and self-efficacy. Second, pride positively affects organizational citizenship behaviors. Study 2 takes an emotion-process point of view and compares excessive pride (hubris) with positive pride. The results show that salespeople are capable of self-regulating the expression of these emotions differently toward colleagues and customers via anticipated feelings of fear, shame, and regret. Salespeople, in other words, are affected by their emotions, but they also are capable of controlling them to their advantage. Willem Verbeke (verbeke@few.eur.nl) is a chaired professor of sales and account management at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania. His research has appeared in a number of academic journals, including theJournal of Marketing, theInternational Journal of Research in Marketing, theJournal of Management, theJournal of Organizational Behavior, and theJournal of Applied Psychology. His area of research interests includes personal selling, sales management, emotions and emotion regulation, social capital, and knowledge management. Frank Belschak (belschak@few.eur.nl) is an assistant professor of marketing and organizational behavior at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He received his Ph.D. in organizational behavior from the University of Cologne in Germany. His current research interests include emotions and emotion regulation in organizations and across cultures, as well as social capital and networks. Richard P. Bagozzi (bagozzi@rice.edu) is the J. Hugh Liedtke Professor of Management in the Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Management and a professor of psychology at Rice University in Houston, Texas. He conducts research on human emotions, the theory of action, goal setting and goal striving, and structural equation methods.     

按劳分配与收入公平分配

按劳分配与收入公平分配存在正相关,主要表现在按劳分配存在前提和分配主体转换的公平性、分配依据和利益结构及其主体地位的合理性五个方面.按劳分配的实践与收入公平分配存在负相关,主要表现在由于理解上的偏差、应用中的偏差、实施对象客观条件不同而导致收入分配中事实上的不公平.为了强化按劳分配与收入公平分配的正相关、弱化按劳分配的实践与收入公平分配的负相关,必须采取相应对策.     

粮食主产区农民收入影响因素的计量分析

粮食主产区农户家庭收入与农户家庭劳动力受教育水平、粮食单产、优质粮食品种播种面积、农户家庭投资能力呈正相关,与农户家庭农业劳动时间呈负相关.农户家庭社区特征和家庭特征对农户家庭收入发挥着重要的影响作用.粮食主产区应扩大优质粮食品种种植面积,加快剩余劳动力转移,提升农户家庭投资能力,从而提高粮食主产区农民收入.